Mebicar

Mebicar (or tetramethylglycoluril) is an anxiolytic medication produced by Latvian pharmaceutical company Olainfarm and sold in Latvia and Russia under the brand name Adaptol.[2] Mebicar has not been evaluated by the U.S. medical system. It can not be given to a patient in the context of any licensed (or self ascribed) medical practice. Although independently obtaining it for personal use is technically not illegal, it is discouraged. Self prescribed, unnapproved treatments (in general) can be dangerous; people usually are not all that knowledgeable and likely to misdiagnose and mistreat their symptoms; and any incidence of side effect or medical emergency is less likely to be effectively treated if the causative agent is unknown to the emergency treatment team.

Mebicar
Clinical data
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • US: Unscheduled; not FDA approved
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life3h[1]
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 1,3,4,6-Tetramethyltetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC8H14N4O2
Molar mass198.226 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • CN1C2C(N(C1=O)C)N(C(=O)N2C)C
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C8H14N4O2/c1-9-5-6(11(3)7(9)13)12(4)8(14)10(5)2/h5-6H,1-4H3
  • Key:XIUUSFJTJXFNGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Mebicar has an effect on the structure of limbic-reticular activity, particularly on hypothalamus emotional zone, as well as on all 4 basic neuromediator systems – γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), choline, serotonin and adrenergic activity. Mebicar decreases the brain noradrenaline level, exerts no effect on the dopaminergic systems, increases the brain serotonin level, and does not elicit cholinolytic action.[3]

Mebicar purportedly has anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) properties.[3][4][5][6][7] It is also used to aid smoking cessation.[2] In addition, mebicar may be useful in the treatment of ADHD symptoms.[8] In contrast with typical anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines, mebicar is non-habit forming, non-sedating and does not impair motor function.[4][2]

It can be prepared by condensation of dimethyl urea (which can be made by n, n methylating urea using paraformaldehyde+oxalic acid dihydrate) with glyoxal. One recent publication described an elegant variation in which the two reactants are combined in an aqueous solution with phosphoric anhydride as the catalyst; the reaction takes place at room temperature, is fast, with essentially quantitative yield, and the procedure is easy and cost efficient because the product precipitates as it is formed, and after removal of the solids by filtration, the leftover solution can be used one or more times with no additional catalyst (with a longer reaction time).

See also

References
  1. US 20110070305, Schwarz J, Weisspapir M, "Sustained release pharmaceutical composition containing mebicar"
  2. "Adaptol product summary". Archived from the original on 2013-10-13. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  3. Val'dman AV, Zaikonnikova IV, Kozlovskaia MM, Zimakova IE (May 1980). "[Characteristics of the psychotropic spectrum of action of mebicar]". Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny. 89 (5): 568–70. PMID 6104993.
  4. Val'dman AV, Zaikonnikova IV, Kozlovskaya MM, Zimakova IE (1980). "A study of the spectrum of psychotropic action of mebicar". Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 89 (5): 621–624. doi:10.1007/BF00835799. S2CID 11343572.
  5. Mkrtchian VR, Kozhokova LZ (2012). "[Adaptol--verges of possible]". Likars'ka Sprava (5): 125–33. PMID 23534281.
  6. Chutko LS, Rozhkova AV, Sidorenko VA, Surushkina SI, Tursunova KB (2012). "[Generalized anxiety disorder: psychosomatic aspects and treatment approaches]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 112 (1): 40–4. PMID 22678674.
  7. Chutko LS, Surushkina SI, Nikishena IS, Iakovenko EA, Anisimova TI, Kuzovenkova MP (2010). "[Asthenic disorders in children]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 110 (11 Pt 1): 26–9. PMID 21183919.
  8. Chutko LS, Surushkina SI, Nikishena IS, Iakovenko EA, Anisimova TI, Sergeev AV (2009). "[Adaptol in the treatment of ADHD]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 109 (8): 45–8. PMID 19738569.
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